云蒙山的延时摄影
在这个我大天朝开会关停工厂,连老天爷都给面子把沙尘暴错开的日子,一带一路蓝遍北京的好日子,自然不容辜负要出来玩咯。所以,我今天去了爬云蒙山。
几个延时摄影的片子可好看了,但是回家用电脑看的时候,发现了好多小虫子偶尔出现在画面中,作为一个程序员,这种事情肯定是忍无可忍啊:所以,必须处理掉。不过 iMovie
不能删除一个单独帧,程序员嘛,自己动手,丰衣足食,再说,我好歹也是小 Tubi.tv 的程序员啊,不懂点 ffmpeg
怎么可以?!
首先,把视频导出成一帧帧的图片:
$ mkdir 99
$ ffmpeg -i IMG_0099.MOV 99/%5d.bmp
这里,我将图片导出成为 bmp
文件,首先速度快,再有呢,无损,缺点就是体积比较大,不过我硬盘大啊,嘿嘿。目前 iPhone
的延时摄影只能 1080p
,我也是今天才发现的,特别心疼我之前的都没用 4k
这个以后必须改。
然后,就是人肉删掉那些带虫子的帧,随便搞一个图片预览工具,然后快速切换就很容易发现它们。此处应该有自动化的算法,不过我不才,也没去找,突然变化的小黑点应该是容易的。
然后,合成新的视频:
先看看原来的编码情况:
$ ffprobe IMG_0099.MOV
ffprobe version 3.1.4 Copyright (c) 2007-2016 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple LLVM version 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.38)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/3.1.4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-opencl --enable-libx264 --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libxvid --enable-libfaac --enable-libfdk-aac --disable-lzma --enable-nonfree --enable-vda
libavutil 55. 28.100 / 55. 28.100
libavcodec 57. 48.101 / 57. 48.101
libavformat 57. 41.100 / 57. 41.100
libavdevice 57. 0.101 / 57. 0.101
libavfilter 6. 47.100 / 6. 47.100
libavresample 3. 0. 0 / 3. 0. 0
libswscale 4. 1.100 / 4. 1.100
libswresample 2. 1.100 / 2. 1.100
libpostproc 54. 0.100 / 54. 0.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'IMG_0099.MOV':
Metadata:
major_brand : qt
minor_version : 0
compatible_brands: qt
creation_time : 2017-05-14 04:48:52
com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709: +40.5591+116.6984+1070.833/
com.apple.quicktime.make: Apple
com.apple.quicktime.model: iPhone 7 Plus
com.apple.quicktime.software: 10.3.1
com.apple.quicktime.creationdate: 2017-05-14T12:22:51+0800
Duration: 00:00:26.00, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 18987 kb/s
Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuvj420p(pc), 1920x1080, 18983 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 600 tbn, 1200 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2017-05-14 04:48:52
handler_name : Core Media Data Handler
encoder : H.264
可以看到,这个视频编码是 yuvj420p
, 帧率 30 fps
,编码率大概 18983 kb/s
。所以,我执行这个命令:
$ ffmpeg -framerate 30 -pattern_type glob -i '99/*.bmp' -pix_fmt yuvj420p -b:v 20000k -y IMG_0099_no-bug.mp4
ffmpeg version 3.1.4 Copyright (c) 2000-2016 the FFmpeg developers
built with Apple LLVM version 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.38)
configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/3.1.4 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags= --host-ldflags= --enable-opencl --enable-libx264 --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libxvid --enable-libfaac --enable-libfdk-aac --disable-lzma --enable-nonfree --enable-vda
libavutil 55. 28.100 / 55. 28.100
libavcodec 57. 48.101 / 57. 48.101
libavformat 57. 41.100 / 57. 41.100
libavdevice 57. 0.101 / 57. 0.101
libavfilter 6. 47.100 / 6. 47.100
libavresample 3. 0. 0 / 3. 0. 0
libswscale 4. 1.100 / 4. 1.100
libswresample 2. 1.100 / 2. 1.100
libpostproc 54. 0.100 / 54. 0.100
Input #0, image2, from '99/*.bmp':
Duration: 00:00:25.63, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
Stream #0:0: Video: bmp, bgr24, 1920x1080, 30 tbr, 30 tbn, 30 tbc
[swscaler @ 0x7f9e3600aa00] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 AVX2 LZCNT BMI2
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] profile High, level 4.1
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] 264 - core 148 r2699 a5e06b9 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2016 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=12 lookahead_threads=2 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=abr mbtree=1 bitrate=20000 ratetol=1.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
[mp4 @ 0x7f9e36000600] Using AVStream.codec to pass codec parameters to muxers is deprecated, use AVStream.codecpar instead.
Output #0, mp4, to 'IMG_0099_no-bug.mp4':
Metadata:
encoder : Lavf57.41.100
Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuvj420p(pc), 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 20000 kb/s, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc
Metadata:
encoder : Lavc57.48.101 libx264
Side data:
cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/20000000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (bmp (native) -> h264 (libx264))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
frame= 769 fps= 19 q=-1.0 Lsize= 62865kB time=00:00:25.53 bitrate=20169.2kbits/s speed=0.628x
video:62854kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.016767%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] frame I:4 Avg QP:14.13 size:428372
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] frame P:200 Avg QP:18.82 size:179926
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] frame B:565 Avg QP:22.17 size: 47191
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] consecutive B-frames: 0.7% 3.9% 0.8% 94.7%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] mb I I16..4: 8.7% 42.6% 48.7%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] mb P I16..4: 4.9% 10.6% 5.3% P16..4: 30.7% 30.3% 16.8% 0.0% 0.0% skip: 1.5%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] mb B I16..4: 1.0% 1.4% 0.4% B16..8: 43.5% 14.1% 3.8% direct:13.1% skip:22.6% L0:37.3% L1:35.1% BI:27.6%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] final ratefactor: 17.62
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] 8x8 transform intra:50.2% inter:51.6%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 48.7% 60.0% 21.5% inter: 42.6% 23.7% 1.0%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] i16 v,h,dc,p: 15% 43% 16% 25%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 11% 25% 37% 3% 5% 3% 8% 2% 6%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 14% 22% 17% 6% 10% 6% 12% 5% 9%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] i8c dc,h,v,p: 50% 30% 15% 5%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] Weighted P-Frames: Y:4.5% UV:1.5%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] ref P L0: 54.9% 19.5% 18.9% 6.5% 0.2%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] ref B L0: 93.0% 5.7% 1.3%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] ref B L1: 97.5% 2.5%
[libx264 @ 0x7f9e36001800] kb/s:20086.96
看一下还有没有其他 Bug
,没有就基本完工了。不过鉴于拍摄的时候有风,吹得手机在抖,再回去 iMovie
里面处理一下后期防抖。